In functional programming, we have to mention how one problem can be solved, but in logic programming we have to specify for which problem we actually want the solution. Using this knowledge base, the machine can find answers to the given questions, which is totally different from functional programming. On the other hand, for the Logic Programming, we will provide knowledge base. These procedures work step by step to solve one specific problem based on the algorithm. We can illustrate these two using the below diagram −įrom this illustration, we can see that in Functional Programming, we have to define the procedures, and the rule how the procedures work. We will discuss about the differences between Logic programming and the traditional functional programming languages. Some logic programming languages are given below −ĪLF (algebraic logic functional programming language). This may also include procedural statements like “To solve the problem H, perform B1, B2 and B3”. However, other languages like Prolog, have declarative and also imperative properties. There is no such step-by-step instruction on how to perform the task. These languages allow statements about what the program should accomplish. Some logic programming languages like Datalog or ASP (Answer Set Programming) are known as purely declarative languages. On the other hand, facts are like the rules, but without any body.

Now if we state that “H is true, when B1, B2, B3 all are true”, this is a rule.

For example, H is head and B1, B2, B3 are the elements of the body. Here, the rules are written in the form of logical clauses, where head and body are present. Logic Programming is one of the Computer Programming Paradigm, in which the program statements express the facts and rules about different problems within a system of formal logic. Before diving deep into the concepts of Prolog, let us first understand what exactly logical programming is.

It is a logical and declarative programming language. Prolog as the name itself suggests, is the short form of LOGical PROgramming.

Prolog write